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Saturday 5 December 2009

Book: Transcend

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A book by Ray Kurzweil and Terry Grossman, from 2009, about keeping a good health and extending your expected lifetime.

Modern healthcare is becoming more and more infused and boosted by the information technology, or, in some sense, it IS becoming an information technology itself by moving from the phase of trial-and-error to the phase of data- and simulation-based design of interventions. Ray and Terry believe that this will lead the healthcare to follow the same kind of exponential growth as various areas of IT have enjoyed, which in turn will lead to radically more efficient health maintenance and healing methods already within a few next decades (new efficient drugs, RNA interference, gene addition, pluripotent stem cell based therapies, later also medical nanobots). Their idea is that during the next few decades you could look at your life as being either behind or in front of a moving frontier of extreme longevity -- if you keep yourself in good enough health until the next level of healthcare arrives in around 10-15 years, then your health and expected lifetime will be boosted enough by the new methods of that level to reach the yet another level of healthcare arriving in the 2030-ies, where it will be boosted again, and so on. This book is intended to help you cross the "Bridge One".

Regardless of whether Ray's and Terry's predictions turn out to be correct or not, the book "Transcend" is packed with useful information about living a healthier life. The suggestions are so numerous and detailed that it is difficult to summarize them here, but, broadly speaking, the main topics are:

  • Assessing your state frequently and thoroughly enough -- self-assessments, medical examinations, lab tests -- and using this information to adjust your lifestyle, eating, etc.
  • Keeping the stress under control.
  • Paying attention to what and how much you eat.
  • Taking appropriate supplements.
  • Exercising regularly: aerobical, strength, and stretching.
  • Minimizing toxin contact / intake.

All these are explained with plenty of details and guidelines, based on the very latest scientific knowledge they had at hand. The latter means, however, that not all the suggestions are based on long-term human experiments, and they do acknowledge themselves that some viewpoints might change in time and that some of their suggestions, especially with regard to supplements, are considerably different from the common FDA approved ones. But they do promise to keep interested readers up to date with latest developments and research results via an electronic newsletter (that anybody can subscribe to at http://www.kurzweilai.net/).

A possible conflict of interests can be found in the fact that Ray and Terry also have a supplement-selling business where you can buy the supplements they suggest in the book, but knowing a bit about Ray's background I would rather assume that their idea was not to make a lot of money by suggesting the supplements, but he just wanted to have a reliable source of those at hand, both for himself and for the people they are advising (I haven't bought anything from there so far, though, in case you're wondering).

All in all, I would highly recommend this book to anyone who is interested in maintaining a good health AND who does not freak out when seeing occasional complex-sounding words and phrases like gamma-tocopherol, prostaglandin-E3 or single photon emission computed tomography, AND who has enough education and critical mind to understand that not all suggestions can be taken as the ultimate truth, but just as interpretations of the current state of scientific knowledge.

More info at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/1605299561
and at Ray's and Terry's site: http://www.rayandterry.com/TRANSCEND/

Sunday 8 November 2009

Book: Creative Recording 1, Effects and Processing (2nd edition)

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A book by Paul White, from 2003. Gives a good introductory practically oriented overview of:

  • the mixing console,
  • patching and patchbays,
  • equalizers,
  • enhancers,
  • compressors,
  • limiters,
  • gates and noise reduction,
  • panning and positioning,
  • digital delay effects,
  • reverberation,
  • multi-effects,
  • MIDI (very briefly),
  • software plug-in basics,
  • production effects,
  • and surround sound concepts.

Note that the emphasis is on effects and processing, so topics like microphones are NOT covered in that particular book (which is only part 1 of a series).

The target audience of the book is beginners and intermediates, but the reader is treated with full respect and at no point did I get a feeling of the content being dumbed down too much (obviously, the book doesn't cover every possible aspect of the topics, but this is fully understandable). It might even be that those readers who have no technical background might find the content not be the best match with their baseline and taste, but, correspondingly, the more enjoyable it is to the technically inclined audience. I definitely found the book to be very educative for me.

More info at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/1860744567

Saturday 13 September 2008

Book: Black Swan by Nassim Nicholas Taleb

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A book originally from 2007, about the importance of events that have very low probability of occurrence but very large impact if they do occur, and how to live so as to avoid being too seriously hit by the negative versions of such events (at least in the domains where it is possible), and how to benefit from the positive ones.

The discussed topics also include:

  • the widespread misuse of Gaussian distributions in areas where they do not apply;
  • confirmation bias (people tend to pick only the facts that support their theories);
  • scalability of professions (to serve more clients, the shoemaker needs to spend more time making shoes, but a writer writes a book once and prints / sells copies without additional effort when demand increases, but then again the writer has much larger risk of the product being not wanted by anybody);
  • empirical skepticism (systematic doubt plus preferring experiential knowledge to theorizing);
  • asymmetry of confirmations (i.e., one confirmatory example should not increase your confidence in the general correctness of a theory very much, but one counterexample does decrease the confidence in the correctness of a theory a lot);
  • falsifiability (instead of looking for confirmations, try to find cases that would prove your theory wrong);
  • narrative fallacy (our tendency to create stories that connect and explain events, even if those events might not be causally connected in reality);
  • how happiness depends on the frequency and size of positive or negative events, and how this dependence can reduce our eagerness to live so as to take advantage of rare but very large positive events;
  • the problem of silent evidence (we mostly hear only from / of those people / objects that have succeeded / survived, and draw incorrect conclusions due to this bias in our data set);
  • the problem that (mathematical) statistics is researched and taught mostly based on game problems that have strictly defined rules and known bounded outcome sets, but real problems do not have such constraints and require different approaches;
  • the expert problem (while in some disciplines there exist true experts, in others there are only people whose position as "expert" is not justified due to their lack of abilities to really explain or predict things);
  • how understanding fractals and power laws can help to reduce unpleasant surprises by rare powerful events, but still does not give us precise predictive instruments;
  • and much more.

So, in general, "Black Swan" is a great book filled with important, interesting and useful ideas. However, there were two problems that somewhat decreased my satisfaction with it. Firstly, the tone of writing tends to be occasionally quite arrogant. For me the frequent outright bashing and ridiculing is a warning sign of a person who has not reached the level of mental maturity of balance and goodwill (note that by immaturity I do NOT mean playfulness which I value a lot, but being inconsiderate and egoistic; also, I know that such type of ridiculing is widely popular and entertaining for many people, and we even have a special word for it in Estonian - ärapanemine - that I do not know how to translate, but still I consider such behavior unpleasant). Secondly, while most of the main ideas in the book I easily and eagerly agree with, some of the examples were in my opinion either not applicable in given context or even contrary to the main ideas, and sometimes so much so that I felt it necessary to double and triple check my thinking ("the author cannot possibly make such mistakes?!"), but to no avail. Apart from the possibility of me misunderstanding something, I had a hypothesis that the arrogant tone and occasional inconsistencies are intentional, so as to really engage readers' minds and make them think, but unfortunately it is more likely that they are not.

All in all, I quite highly recommend this book, but only to people who think and analyze what they read instead of just "downloading" everything to their unquestioning brains.

More info at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/1400063515/

P.S. Thanks to Jan Dyre who gave this book to me!

P.P.S. If anybody organizes a discussion about this book (or, more generally, about the ideas it contains), I would be very happy to participate!

Friday 18 July 2008

Book: Read Japanese Today

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A book by Len Walsh, originally from 1969, for people interested in starting to learn to read Japanese. It is a nice little book that almost in a story-like fashion explains and builds up around 300 of the most common kanji characters. For example, it starts with the pictograph for sun, and shows how it evolved into the kanji character for sun. Then "tree" is treated in a similar fashion, "roots" (or "origin") is derived from "tree", and then the characters of sun and roots are put together to form a compound "origin-of-the-sun", which is the name of Japan in Japanese, pronounced NIPPON or NIHON.

For sure, you should not expect to be able to read Japanese texts after finishing this book, as it covers only 300 kanji out of the thousands, and hardly any kana at all. But what it covers, it covers in a very pleasant and captivating way. For me, the book was a real pleasure to read, and I would recommend it to everybody who is interested in starting to understand written Japanese, and in why the characters look they way they do.

More info at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/0804804966

Monday 28 January 2008

Book: Molvania

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A fake travel guide, from 2003.

I picked it up in a bookstore in Stansted airport, London, in 2005. It was 5 a.m., and I had been up since the previous morning, but this book still managed to make me laugh, so there wasn't much hesitation left about whether to buy it or not.

"...Despite being one of the smallest countries in Europe, the Republic of Molvania has much to offer the discerning tourist. Panoramic scenery, magnificent neoclassical architecture and centuries of devotion to fine culture are, admittedly, all in short supply. But the intrepid traveler will still find plenty to enjoy within this unique, landlocked nation state -- from the capital Lutenblag, with its delightful gas-powered tram network, to the heavily forested Postenwalj Mountains in the south, where visitors can share a glass of locally brewed zeerstum (garlic brandy)..."

"...Dzrebo was first discovered in AD 6 by the Roman centurion Callus who, while leading an expedition through the region, became bogged on the flat, swampy plains. After several fruitless weeks attempting to extricate himself from the mosquito-plagued, leech-infested, stagnant wetlands, Callus is said to have declared 'this would make an ideal place for a village'. Whilst historians have subsequently conjectured that he may have been speaking sarcastically, his comments were soon acted upon and a small town sprang up..."

"...After the war Molvania found itself under Soviet control and endured many years of hardship and authoritarian rule. The turning point came in 1982 when the famous Lutenblag Wall collapsed, not due so much to democratic reform, but just shoddy construction..."

If you appreciate irony, creative humor and a good laugh, then this travel guide is highly recommended. For the rest of the crowd it is not recommended, as they might be offended (see those 1 star comments in Amazon).

More info at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/1843542323/

Sunday 16 December 2007

Book: Musimathics, Vol 1, by Gareth Loy

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A book, published in 2006, about the mathematical and physical foundations of music. It covers musical representation, scales, tuning, intonation, physical basis of sound, geometrical basis of sound, psychophysical basis of sound, introduction to acoustics, vibrating systems, composition and methodology (including a glimpse of less usual approaches like using artificial neural nets).

In general, I really like this kind of book about sound and music that has a solid scientific background. Unfortunately in this specific book the background is not as solid as I was hoping. While reading it, especially the physics section, I quite often had problems like: "Er... am I not getting it or what? No, wait, it can't be like that. Damn, it must be wrong in the book!" And sure enough, there ARE errors in abundance. For a list of errors known to Gareth Loy himself, see: http://www.musimathics.com/Errata.html

The other problem was that occasionally the book was not written very clearly and / or captivatingly for me... (plus the feeling that in order to explain those concepts to somebody with a humanities background (who are clearly included in the target audience), the explanations should be significantly different). Though that was not a major problem for me: I still read through the whole book and got a lot of information out of it.

In conclusion, as much as I would have liked to, I cannot suggest this book as a very good one on this topic. There are other books available about the basis of sound and music, and I suspect some of those may have a more solid science and better explanations in them, but I haven't read any others, so I can't say for sure. Also, there's some hope that Musimathics itself will be revised in future editions.

More info at the book's homepage: http://www.musimathics.com/

and at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/0262122820/

Sunday 2 December 2007

Book: SAS Survival Handbook by John Lofty Wiseman

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An updated 2004 year version of the book originally published in 1986.

It's a 576 page book filled with practical information about "how to survive in the wild, in any climate, on land or at sea". Topics include: the will to live; survival kit; knives; acquiring water and food (including how to test unknown plants for edibility, and how to catch animals, birds, fish without proper equipment); car and plane accidents; survival strategies in polar regions, mountains, seashores, islands, arid regions and tropical regions; campcraft; navigation and weather signs; traveling on foot and on rafts; first aid and medical treatment; survival at sea; rescue operation basics (for the one being rescued, not for the one conducting the operation); strategies for surviving in natural and man-made disasters.

Highly recommended for everybody, especially for travelers.

More info at Amazon: http://www.amazon.com/dp/0060578793/